Singly & Doubly Reinforced Beam

singhs Reinforced Beam: If main reinforcement is only provided at bottom when concrete at compressionis capable to carry all the compressive stresses. i.e The strain at top fibres are well within limit.

Doubly Reinforced Beam: If main reinforcements are provided at top & bottom due to excessive compressive stresses at top fibre of a beam. i.e The strain at top is more as compared to the capacity of concrete at top fibres.

DETAILING OF SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM

DETAILING OF CANTILEVER BEAM

Types of Cement

(a) Ordinary Portland Cement (i) Ordinary Portland Cement 33 Grade– IS 269: 1989 (ii) Ordinary Portland Cement 43 Grade– IS 8112: 1989 (iii) Ordinary Portland Cement 53 Grade– IS 12269: 1987 (b) Rapid Hardening Cement – IS 8041: 1990 (c) Extra Rapid Hardening Cement – – (d) Sulphate Resisting Cement – IS 12330: 1988 (e) Portland Slag Cement – IS 455: 1989 (f) Quick Setting Cement – – (g) Super Sulphated Cement – IS 6909: 1990 (h) Low Heat Cement – IS 12600: 1989 (j) Portland Pozzolana Cement – IS 1489 (Part I) 1991 (fly ash based) – IS 1489 (Part II) 1991 (calcined clay based) (k) Air Entraining Cement – – (l) Coloured Cement: White Cement – IS 8042: 1989 (m) Hydrophobic Cement – IS 8043: 1991 (n) Masonry Cement – IS 3466: 1988 (o) Expansive Cement – – (p) Oil Well Cement – IS 8229: 1986 (q) Rediset Cement – – (r) Concrete Sleeper grade Cement – IRS-T40: 1985 (s) High Alumina Cement – IS 6452: 1989 (t) Very High Strength Cement – –

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